| Cold Zone | Temperate Zone | Subtropic Zone | Tropical Zone | Mountains - Valleys |
| Area | between cold zone and subtropic zone (40° to 60°) |
| Sun position | maximum 73° minimum 0° (at Arctic Circle) |
| Average temperature | between 0 and 20° |
| Minimum temperatures | -40° |
| Maximum temperatures | +40°C |
| Radiation | balance is negative |
| Daylength | 4 to 16 hours 8 to 12 hours at 50°N |
| Precipitation | from 300 to 2000mm, average 800mm |
| Climate | warm and cold temperate |
| Vegetation | deciduous forests, warm temperate forests, savannah |
| Properties | extreme temperature and precipitation are rare |
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